外源激素对油茶种子根系及轻基质嫁接容器苗生长的影响

以良种油茶种子和嫁接苗为试验材料,设计3种外源激素处理方式,探讨外源激素对油茶种子萌发、根系生长及油茶轻基质嫁接容器苗生长的影响。结果表明:适宜的激素处理对油茶种的根系生长、出芽和轻基质嫁接容器苗的生长具有促进作用。用50mg/L ABT处理过的油茶种子根系生长迅速、主根饱满健壮、须根浓密,发根质量好,Ⅱ级根出现早,须根出现和出芽时间比对照均提前7d左右。在轻基质嫁接容器苗株高生长和地径生长上具有显著的生长优势,可以在生产中推广使用。     

水肥处理对仁用杏新品种木瓜杏生长的影响

以仁用杏品种中1年生木瓜杏树为试验材料,采用盆栽控水控肥试验的方式,研究水分、肥料以及二者之间的共同作用对木瓜杏苗木生长指标的影响。试验得出以下结果：木瓜杏具有较高的抗旱性;木瓜杏树的生长指标随水分及肥力水平的提高而逐渐升高,适量的施肥可以在干旱胁迫下有效地促进木瓜杏的生长;另外,适当的施肥可以缓解干旱胁迫对木瓜杏植株的影响,提高植株的抗旱能力。     

忽地笑（Lycons aurea）的无性繁殖研究

忽地笑是一种兼备观赏与药用价值的植物。本试验以忽地笑种球为材料,采用种球茎盘沟切的方式,设计了随机区组实验开展了该植物的无性繁育试验,探讨植物生长调节剂及其浓度对其分生子球的影响。试验结果表明：①人工干预大大提高了种球的繁殖能力,该试验中种球的平均繁殖率高达21.15,其中处理6＂6-BA500＂作用下种球的繁殖率最高...     

微红梢斑螟蛀害对马尾松幼林生长的影响及剪梢防治技术研究

通过标准地调查研究了微红梢斑螟蛀害对马尾松幼林生长的影响,并对剪梢防治微红梢斑螟的方法进行了简述.结果表明:微红梢斑螟蛀害对马尾松幼林生长产生了显著影响,受害后主梢当年生长量损失27.23%,树高下降13%,而地径增长7.23%.马尾松受害后除影响当年梢生长外还影响其次年梢生长.树高在141～180 cm左右的马尾松受...     

保水剂对巨尾桉盆栽苗木生长的影响

为评价保水剂在桉树生长中的作用,研究了2种保水剂用量和4种水分供应条件下,巨尾桉苗木的生长量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和叶绿素含量的变化情况.结果表明,随着田间持水量增加,除了叶绿素含量差别不大,苗木的高增长量、地径增长量、净光合速率均显著上升;施用保水剂的效果与田间持水量60％和80％处理的作用基本一致,保水剂在桉树人工...     

不同激素对油茶关键生长过程的调节机制初步研究

对不同生长阶段的长林53品系油茶,采用L27(313)正交试验设计,分别喷施不同浓度的生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)、细胞分裂素(CTK)和芸苔素内酯(BRs),研究植物激素对油茶生长的影响。结果表明:①IAA是影响产量和叶片相对叶绿素含量的关键因子,GA是影响叶片钾含量的关键因子,IAA与GA交互作用是影响籽出仁率和仁出油率的关键因子,影响花提前开放的关键因子是GA和CTK互作,IAA、GA和CTK互作是影响干物质积累的关键因子,IAA和BRs是影响叶片磷的关键因子,CTK和BRs互作是影响叶片含氮关键因子;②在5月和10月喷施10 mg/L IAA、10 mg/L GA、10 mg/L CTK和0.001 mg/L BRs,长林53号油茶最早开花;5月和9月喷施10 mg/L IAA、0.1 mg/L GA、0.1 mg/L CTK和0.001mg/L BRs,叶片SPAD值最高;5月和9月喷施0.1 mg/L IAA、0.1 mg/L GA、10 mg/L CTK和0.001 mg/L BRs,有最高的干物质积累;5月和10月喷施1 mg/L IAA、1 mg/L GA、10 mg/L CTK和0.0...     

蜡杨梅砧木嫁接的晚稻杨梅盐碱地栽培试验

用2种不同砧木嫁接晚稻杨梅种植于盐碱地和酸性土壤中,进行杨梅栽培试验.结果表明,两种土壤中的营养元素除速效钾盐碱土高于酸性土外,其它均低于酸性土,但两种土壤上的杨梅叶片元素含量有所不同,大量元素盐碱土稍低于酸性土,而微量元素除Cu相同外其它均高于酸性土;本接杨梅种植在盐碱地上与蜡杨梅作砧木嫁接杨梅生长相比较,本接杨梅树...     

Potential role of soil calcium in recovery of paper birch following ice storm injury in Vermont, USA

In recent years, an increased number of mature paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and heart-leafed paper birch (B. papyrifera var. cordifolia (Regel) Fern.) in northeastern United States forests have exhibited decline symptoms including foliar loss, reduced fine branching, and tree mortality. We assessed crown health, radial growth, and available soil cations in 2006 as a preliminary assessment of factors that may be influencing paper birch decline. Tree rings began to decrease in width in 1998—the year of a severe region-wide ice storm. All trees (regardless of their current decline status) experienced reduced growth starting in 1998 and tree growth continued to decrease for two years following the ice storm. After this generalized growth decrease, trees that now have vigorous crowns showed a marked increase in growth, whereas trees that now have low crown vigor did not rebound in growth, but instead exhibited a significantly higher incidence of locally absent annual rings. Extractable soil-aluminum (Al), a phytotoxic element mobilized by acid deposition, was significantly higher in soils associated with declining trees compared to those adjacent to vigorous trees. Higher soil calcium (Ca) availability was associated with both vigorous crowns and increased radial growth following the 1998 ice storm. Furthermore, increased soil Ca availability was negatively correlated to the percentage of declining trees, and positively related to increased radial growth, whereas elevation was not significantly associated with either parameter. Although previously overlooked as a factor influencing paper birch recovery from injury, we found that available soil Ca was linked to crown vigor and rebounds in growth following an inciting event.     

The effects of belowground resources on aboveground allometric growth in Bornean tree species

Tree height and crown allometries reflect adaptations for resource acquisition and structural stability, as well as plastic responses to a heterogeneous environment. While both light and soil resources limit growth and influence competitive responses in tropical forests, the effects of belowground resources on allometries are less understood, especially within the understory. To characterize outcomes of tree competition along an edaphic resource gradient, we quantified variation in height and crown allometries of six Bornean tree species from contrasting regeneration niches (light-demanding vs. shade-tolerant) on two soil habitats (clay-fine loam and sandy loam) within a 52-ha forest dynamics plot. Using empirically-fit allometric parameters and diameter growth rates from plot census data, we modeled tree height and crown area growth over the projected life span of each species. Based on resource competition theory, we hypothesized that tree species specializing on and populations of generalist species growing on the relatively moister, more fertile clay-fine loam soil habitat would have faster height and crown growth rates, compared to those on the sandy loam habitat, regardless of regeneration niche. Among soil specialists and within generalists of both genera, trees growing on clay-fine loam had taller stems and larger crowns at a given age and faster height and crown area growth rates at most sizes than trees on sandy loam. Differences in height and crown growth were driven by the faster diameter growth rates of trees on clay-fine loam, not by differences in height- and crown-diameter allometries, as trees on sandy loam were significantly taller at a given diameter, and differences in crown allometry were not consistent across soil habitats. Characterizing the height and crown growth responses of trees along resource gradients provides insight into the mechanisms that maintain diversity in tropical forests. Our results point to the importance of adaptive and plastic responses to both above and belowground resource availability in determining the allometric growth of trees and suggest that this diversity of responses may contribute tree species coexistence through competition-based trade-off mechanisms and variation in growth among individuals. Additionally, as the importance estimating natural carbon sequestration increases with the escalating effects of anthropogenic climate change, differences in tree growth and architecture across soil habitats also have implications for the approximation of forest carbon storage on heterogeneous tropical soils.     

Growth effects of thinning damage in a Corsican pine (Pinus laricio Poiret) stand in central Italy

Damage to residual stand after partial harvesting or thinning may lead to serious economic losses in terms of both timber quality at the final harvest, and tree growth reduction. Logging damages and their effect on tree growth were studied in a long term experiment on Corsican pine in central Italy. Damage frequency, agent (felling, skidding), position (root damage, stem base, between 0.3 and 1 m a.g.l., >1 m a.g.l.) and severity (light, severe) and tree growth were measured after selective thinning from below and at 10 years after the treatment. In detail, we aimed at: monitoring mechanical damages to trees at the end of thinning and after 10 years; and assessing stand stability, growing stock, ring width and basal area at 10 years after the thinning. The thinning removed about 20% of volume, 38% of trees and 26% of basal area. The basal area decreased from 56 m² ha⁻¹ to 42 m² ha⁻¹ but after 10 years it increased again to 56 m² ha⁻¹. Immediately after thinning, 13.6% of the standing trees was damaged, out of these 36.17% showed severe injuries. Damages to standing trees were mainly due to skidding. Ten years after thinning, the percentage of damaged trees was about 17%, out of which 86.67% showed severe wounds. An increase of damaged trees and of trees with severe wounds was observed suggesting that a deeper knowledge on long-term effect of logging damages is needed. This study did not highlight any effect of logging damage on tree growth. In fact, no difference in ring width was recorded between damaged and undamaged trees.